Which aspect of the architecture of a slave ship is often associated with the inhumane treatment of enslaved individuals?

The architecture of slave ships is characterized by various features, but the cramped and overcrowded cargo holds specifically highlight the inhumane treatment of enslaved individuals. These holds were designed to maximize the number of people that could be transported, often leading to conditions where individuals were packed closely together with little room to move. This deliberate overcrowding resulted in severe physical and psychological stress, poor sanitation, and high mortality rates among those being transported. The design of these holds reflects a complete disregard for the humanity and dignity of enslaved people, demonstrating the brutal realities of the transatlantic slave trade. The other options, such as spacious crew quarters or ample storage space for food and water, do not reflect the same level of inhumanity, as they pertain to the comfort of the crew rather than the enslaved individuals.